Biocompatibility and Therapeutic Effect of 3 Intra-Tympanic Drug Delivery Vehicles in Acute Acoustic Trauma

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The aim of this study was to assess the biocompatibility of several intra-tympanic (IT) drug delivery vehicles and to compare hearing outcomes. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> After acute acoustic trauma, rats were treated with IT 10 mg/mL dexamethasone phosphate (D) and divided into the following groups for drug delivery: saline + D (<i>n</i> = 15), hyaluronic acid (HA) + D (<i>n</i> = 17), and methoxy polyethylene glycol-<i>b</i>-polycaprolactone block copolymer (MP) + D (<i>n</i> = 24). <b><i>Results:</i></b> No inflammation was found in the saline + D or HA + D groups. The duration of vehicle/drug persistence in the bulla was significantly longer for the MP + D (47.5 days) and HA + D groups (1.8 days) than for the saline + D group (&#x3c;1 day). The tympanic membrane was significantly thicker in the MP + D group than in the saline + D and HA + D groups. The proportion of ears with good hearing outcome was significantly higher (63.6%) in the HA + D group than in the MP + D group. The number of hair cells in the hearing loss (HL) control group was significantly lower than in the MP + D group. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> HA shows great potential as a biocompatible vehicle for D delivery via the IT route, without an inflammatory reaction and with better hearing outcomes. Considering inflammation and hearing, MP may not be a good candidate for IT drug delivery.