Related Clinical Factors of Platinum-Based Chemotherapy Resistance in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Abstract

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> Ovarian cancer is the second most common malignancy in women, but it is a fatal gynecological tumor. Although it has a standard treatment regimen, resistance to chemotherapy makes patients more prone to early recurrence, leading to poor survival rates. Therefore, this study investigated factors related to platinum resistance through a complete analysis of clinical data. <b><i>Design:</i></b> Clinical data of patients with ovarian cancer were collected, and the patients were categorized into platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant groups. By comparing the differences in clinical data between the groups, the key factors affecting platinum resistance were analyzed. <b><i>Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods:</i></b> We collected the clinical data of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) who were admitted to the Department of Oncology of the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University between January 1, 2019, and December 31, 2020. We conducted univariate and multivariate analyses and evaluated overall survival and progression-free survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We enrolled 161 patients with EOC, of whom 124 demonstrated platinum sensitivity and 37 demonstrated platinum resistance after the initial platinum-based chemotherapy. Univariate analyses revealed that the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and Fagotti score were associated with an increased risk of platinum resistance for the first recurrence. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only Fagotti score and neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with an increased risk of platinum resistance (odds ratio: 0.372 and 0.328, 95% confidence interval: 0.160–0.863 and 0.141–0.762, <i>p</i> = 0.021 and 0.010, respectively). <b><i>Limitations:</i></b> The sample size of this study was relatively small because of nonstandard treatment of some patients, the absence of clinical data, and failure of follow-up. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Patients with EOC exhibiting platinum resistance had a very poor prognosis. The Fagotti score and neoadjuvant chemotherapy appeared to increase the risk of platinum resistance at first recurrence.