Tobacco Smoking and Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Smoking tobacco is the most preventable cause of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer disease in Germany. The more and the longer you smoke, the higher your risk of GI cancer. About 28% of 18–64 year-old Germans are current smokers; in addition, 11% of the population is regularly exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Tobacco use is causally associated with esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, biliary, hepatocellular, colorectal, and anal cancers. Combining smoking with alcohol use, excess body weight, diabetes, or chronic infections synergistically enhances GI cancer risk. Smoking cessation effectively reduces tobacco-associated GI cancer risk. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Smokers should be encouraged to stop smoking tobacco and join programs of risk-adaptive cancer screening.