Endoscopic Stenting for Malignant Left-Sided Large-Bowel Obstruction in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: Evaluation according to Pathological Stage

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) are widely used in patients with malignant left-sided large-bowel obstruction (MLLO) to convert an emergency situation into an elective one. However, the effects of endoscopic stenting on oncological outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the oncological outcomes of SEMS placement in patients with MLLO stratified by pathological stage. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We reviewed the data of patients with MLLO that were prospectively collected between January 2005 and December 2016. Patients were divided into those who underwent SEMS placement as a bridge to surgery and those who underwent emergency surgery. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between groups, and their prognostic factors were determined by pathological stage. <b><i>Results:</i></b> SEMS placement and emergency surgery were performed in 130 and 45 patients, respectively. There was no difference in the 5-year DFS and OS rate between two groups. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant difference in the 5-year DFS and OS rate in patients with stage III MLLO, but was not observed in patients with stage II MLLO. Multivariate Cox regression analysis for stage III MLLO revealed endoscopic stenting (hazard ratio [HR], 2.051; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.018–4.131; <i>p</i> = 0.044) as the only prognostic factor for DFS. Age, tumor differentiation, perineural invasion, and endoscopic stenting (HR, 3.189; 95% CI, 1.346–7.556; <i>p</i> = 0.008) were prognostic factors for OS. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In terms of oncologic outcomes, endoscopic stenting might be more beneficial than ES in patients with stage III MLLO.