Abstract
Background: Radiofrequency (RF) devices are being increasingly used for cosmetic dermatology applications. Recent studies have reported an apparent dualistic nature of RF devices for hair, causing either removal or growth depending on the modality of RF. Materials and Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science searches were conducted in July 2022 according to PRISMA guidelines for studies discussing RF technology in hair applications (n = 19). Results: The majority of studies describe the utility of RF devices in removal of unwanted hair (n = 15). Bipolar RF has been used in combination with intense pulsed light for effective long-term removal of body and facial hair. The chromophore-independent method of energy delivery in RF makes it a viable add-on therapy for treating lighter colored hair and darker Fitzpatrick skin types. Monopolar RF is used for eyelash removal in patients with trichiasis. In contrast, fractional RF has been used to stimulate hair growth in patients with alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia. Conclusions: Preliminary evidence supports the use of bipolar and monopolar RF devices for hair removal, while fractional RF appears to be an emerging technology for hair growth. Additional studies are needed to investigate the efficacy, mechanisms, and parameters of radiofrequency devices for various hair applications.