Author:
Iushkova S. V.,Kostinov M. P.,Gladkova L. S.,Kameleva A. A.,Kachnova A. S.,Kostinova A. M.,Solovyeva I. L.,Andreeva N. P.,Dagil Yu. A.,Nastaeva N. Yu.,Kryukova N. O.,Loktionova M. N.
Abstract
Introduction. Abnormally low global influenza detection rates were observed at the peak of ongoing COVID-19 infection. In the 2021–2022 season, influenza resumed circulation, and in December 2022 its incidence rate returned to the 2015–2016 season levels, which exceeded the highest value recorded in 2018 worldwide. There is a need to assess changes in pattern of population immunity after influenza vaccination during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The study was aimed at analyzing level of vaccine influenza virus strain antibodies in healthy people formed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and methods. A total of 123 healthy volunteers immunized with influenza quadrivalent inactivated subunit adjuvanted vaccine and 47 unimmunized volunteers were enrolled in the study. Influenza virus strains antibodies were assessed by performing a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test one month after vaccination.
Results. A significantly increased seroprotection rate (SPR) (p 0.05) was show in main group that reached 78.9% against the A/Victoria/2570/2019(H1N1)pdm09 strain, 94.3% — against A/H3N2/Darwin strain /9/2021, 69.1% — against B/Phuket/3073/13 strain and 48.8% — against B/Austria/1359417/2021 strain one month after vaccination. The GMT ratio to influenza A(H1N1), B (Victoria) and B (Yamagata) viruses exceeded the required minimum value (p 0.05) and comprised 4.1 (CI 3.68–4.54), 3.80 (CI 3.33–4.33) and 4.76 (CI 3.87–5.47), respectively. The post-vaccination GMT ratio to influenza A(H3N2) virus was 2.45, which is lower than the required level of 2.50 (p 0.05). The seroconversion rate (SCR) for strains A/Victoria/2570/2019(H1N1)pdm09, B/Phuket/3073/2013 and B/Austria/1359417/2021 was 56.1%, 50.4% and 51.2%, respectively. The SCR of the influenza A(H3N2) virus like GMT ratio was minimal among the four strains (p 0.05) and comprised 38.2%.
Conclusion. The vaccine-related immunogenic activity met the requirements for inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines by at least one criterion.
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