The association between the history of supplement use (vitamin or mineral) and COVID-19 disease in the persian cohort population

Abstract

The aim of the study was to examine the association between vitamin and mineral supplement consumption and the possibility of contracting COVID-19 disease in the Persian cohort population in 2020. This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4241 people who were registered in the Cohort Registration System. A logistic regression was performed to ascertain the multivariate association between demographic, health variables, and supplement use and the likelihood that participants were infected with COVID-19. The software used was IBM SPSS 24.0, and a significance level of 0.05 was considered. Analyze the quantitative variables, if the variable was normal, the independent t-test was used, and if the variable was not normal, the Mann–Whitney test was used. To compare the distribution of qualitative variables in the groups, a chi-square test or, if necessary, a Fisher’s exact test was used. The number of participants in this cohort study was 4241. The average age of the participants in the study was 49.22±8.77. The OR value of age variable 0.989 (95% CI: 0.927–1.056); sex variable (95% CI: 0.238–2.743, OR = 0.808); BMI variable (95% CI: 0.927–1.056, OR = 0.953); vitamin D variable (95% CI: 0.333–6.769, OR = 1.502); omega3 variable (95% CI: 0.410–7.688, OR = 1.776); calcium variable (95% CI: 0.041–3.738, OR = 0.391); calcium variable (95% CI: 0.041–3.738, OR = 391); multiVIT variable (95% CI: 0.211–5.645, OR = 1.090); VitC variable (95% CI: 0.000–0.000, OR = 0.000); vitE variable (95% CI: 0.000–0.000, OR = 0.000); were the interval includes. There were no statistically significant multivariate associations (P 0.05) between the explanatory variables infected with COVID-19. There was only a statistically significant correlation between the use of iron tablets and contracting COVID-19 (P = 0.025). Controlling the variables or identifying causal correlations is not feasible due to the observational nature of the study. The results cannot be safely extrapolated to other regions of the world because the cohort sample was limited to inhabitants of Iran.