Evaluation study of the size and function of mechanical heart valve replacement operations in Al Nasiriyah Heart Center

Abstract

The size and function of mechanical heart valves were evaluated in this article. The pathological cases that produce valve damage and lead to the most well-known rheumatic illnesses have been investigated. They induce stenosis and regurgitation of the valve, whether aortic or mitral, and other diseases, such as degenerative, congenital, and calcific valves. These cases occurred between 2015 and 2020, and the following are the most relevant characteristics include; patient's age, height, weight, kind of operation, cause, valve size, illnesses before the operation, complications after the procedure, cross-clamp time, Ejection Fraction (EF), and New York Heart Association (NYHA) before and after the operation. All were collected from the database. Because the valve size is directly and mainly connected to the surface area, the patient's height and weight were used to extract the surface area and correlate it to the valve size. It was also noticed that the mitral valve is more significant than the aortic valve because it is more profound than the aorta. The mitral valve was the most often replaced (51%), followed by the aortic valve (31%) and the double valve (18 %). The number of patients who have a valve replacement procedure fluctuates yearly, depending on the severity of the damaged valve. In some instances, the valve might be fixed without needing a replacement. Despite the difficulties of the procedure, there are relatively few deaths, and the data show that there are only two deaths in five years due to heart failure during the operation and cerebrovascular accidents. Keywords: Mechanical Heart Valve; Mitral Regurgitation; Aortic Stenosis; Tricuspid Stenosis