Overuse Injuries, Overtraining, and Burnout in Young Athletes
Author:
Brenner Joel S.1, Watson Andrew2, Watson Andrew, Brooks Margaret Alison, Carl Rebecca L., Briskin Susannah M., Canty Greg, Cuff Steven, Edwards Nicholas M., Kinsella Sarah, Lang Pamela J., Master Christina Lin, Miller Shane Michael, Peterson Andrew, Silva Francisco Jose, Stricker Paul, Walter Kevin D., Faigenbaum Avery, Diamond Alex Benjamin, Elder Patrice C., Emanuel Anjie,
Affiliation:
1. aSports Medicine Program, Children’s Hospital of The King’s Daughters; Department of Pediatrics, Eastern Virginia Medical School; Division of Sports Medicine, Children’s Specialty Group, PLLC, Norfolk, Virginia; and 2. bDivision of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
Abstract
Sports participation can have tremendous physical and mental health benefits for children. Properly implemented progressive training programs can yield a broad range of beneficial physiologic adaptations, but imbalances of training load and recovery can have important negative consequences. Overuse injuries, for example, can result from repetitive stress without sufficient recovery that leads to accumulated musculoskeletal damage. In addition, extended periods of increased training loads that exceed the intervening recovery can have systemic consequences such as overtraining syndrome, which results in decreased performance, increased injury and illness risk, and derangement of endocrine, neurologic, cardiovascular, and psychological systems. Burnout represents one of the primary reasons for attrition in youth sports. Broadly defined as physical or mental exhaustion and a reduced sense of accomplishment that leads to devaluation of sport, burnout represents a direct threat to the goal of lifelong physical activity and the wide-ranging health benefits that it provides. This clinical report is intended to provide pediatricians with information regarding the risk factors, diagnosis, management, and prevention of these conditions to assist in the identification of at-risk children, the treatment of young athletes, and the guidance of families in the promotion of safe and healthy sport participation.
Publisher
American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Subject
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
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