1. aLoma Linda University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda, California
2. bChildren’s Hospital of Orange County, Department of Neonatology, Orange, California
3. cUniversity of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Irvine, California
4. dSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Kaiser Permanente Riverside Medical Center, Department of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Riverside, California
5. eChildren’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of Medical Ethics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
6. fPerelman School of Medicineat the University of Pennsylvania, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
7. gUniversité de Montréal, Department of Pediatrics, Bureau de l’Éthique Clinique, Montréal, Canada
8. hCHU Sainte-Justine, Research Center, Clinical Ethics Unit, Palliative Care Unit, Unité de recherche en éthique clinique et partenariat famille, Division of Neonatology, Montréal, Canada