Rectal Methohexital Sedation for Computed Tomography Imaging of Stable Pediatric Emergency Department Patients

Abstract

Objective. Rapid onset of sleep, brief duration of action, and ease of administration are properties that make rectal methohexital (MXT) an attractive choice for sedating stable pediatric emergency department (ED) patients for computed tomography (CT) imaging. Methodology. One hundred stable patients between 3 and 60 months of age who presented to any of 3 participating EDs and required sedation to undergo CT scanning were given 25 mg/kg of rectal MXT ∼15 minutes before their imaging. Vital signs and oxygen saturation were recorded at regular intervals. Data collected included indication for CT imaging, time to achieve sleep, time to reach discharge criteria, adequacy of sedation, adverse effects, and parental satisfaction. Results. Ninety-five percent of the patients were adequately sedated with rectal MXT. It took an average of 8 minutes to achieve full sedation and the duration of action averaged 79.3 minutes. Ten percent had transient side effects, but all recovered completely. None required intubation. Parental satisfaction was 90%. Conclusion. Rectal MXT compares favorably to other methods of nonintravenous sedation for CT scanning of stable pediatric ED patients in terms of rapidity of onset and reliability but does cause a significant amount of transient respiratory depression. Its use requires careful monitoring of oxygen saturation and should be used only in a setting where physicians skilled in airway management are present. If these requirements are met, it may be a good choice for the relatively noninvasive sedation of pediatric ED patients undergoing painless but anxiety-provoking procedures. methohexital, pediatric procedure sedation, rectal administration, computerized tomography imaging.