Abstract
Meningitis is an inflammatory disease of the leptomeninges surrounding the spinal cord and brain. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in infants and children older than one month. In this report, we present a 13-month-old infant who, after receiving three doses of the 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine, had nervus hypoglossus paralysis as a result of serotype 7 S. pneumoniae meningitis. She was admitted into our center with complaints of high fever for 2 days, apathy that started in the last 24 hours, and a tendency for sleeping. Penicillin and ceftriaxone susceptible S. pneumoniae grew in cerebrospinal fluid culture. Antibiotic treatment was completed in six weeks as she had a millimetric abscess in MR imaging. Considering common variable immunodeficiency in the patient who was examined for immunodeficiency, intravenous immunoglobulin treatment was started. The physical examination results of the patient were entirely improved. In conclusion, meningitis is a pediatric emergency with a high mortality and complication rate. If meningitis is managed on time and correctly it can heal without sequelae. Vaccination is crucial for prevention. Despite vaccination, although rare, infection with vaccine strains may occur. Patients infected with vaccine strains may require evaluation in terms of immunodeficiency.
Reference15 articles.
1. 1. Olarte L, Barson WJ, Barson RM, et al. Impact of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Pneumococcal Meningitis in US Children. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;61:767-765. [CrossRef]
2. 2. Ganaie F, Saad JS, McGee L, et al. A New Pneumococcal Capsule Type, 10D, is the 100th Serotype and Has a Large cps Fragment from an Oral Streptococcus. mBio. 2020;11:e00937-e00920. [CrossRef]
3. 3. Azapağası E, Kendirli T, Tuncer GÖ, et al. A case of fulminant pneumococcus meningoencephalitis progressing with white matter involvement despite two doses of conjugated pneumococcus vaccine. Turk J Pediatr. 2020;62:1058-1063. [CrossRef]
4. 4. GBD 2016 Meningitis Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet Neurol 2018;17:1061-1082. [CrossRef]
5. 5. Somer A, Yalçın I, Salman N, et al. Çocuklarda pnömokok menenjiti: 46 olgunun değerlendirilmesi. Flora. 1999;4:107-113. [CrossRef]