1. Cynthia Secor, “The Androgyny Papers,” Women’s Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 2, no. 2 (1974): 139–141, on 139.
2. Carolyn G. Heilbrun, Toward a Recognition of Androgyny (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1973), x.
3. Maram Epstein, Competing Discourses, Orthodoxy, Authenticity, and Engendered Meanings in Late Imperial Chinese Fiction (Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2001), 118.
4. Bret Hinsch, Passion of the Cut Sleeve: The Male Homosexual Tradition in China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, 11–38;
5. Wang Shunu (汪殊孥), Zhongguo changjishi (中国娼妓史), reprint ed. (Shanghai: Shanghai shudian, 1992 [1934]), 225–230.