1. Katherine C. Little, Confession and Resistance: Defining the Self in Late Medieval England (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006), p. 3.
2. Lee Patterson, Chaucer and the Subject of History (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1991), p. 374.
3. Mary Braswell, The Medieval Sinner: Characterization and Confession in the Literature of the English Middle Ages (London: Associated University Press, 1983), p. 13.
4. American University Series II: Romance Languages and Literature;J Root,1997
5. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality, trans. Robert Hurley, 3 vols. (New York: Vintage-Random House, 1980), 1:61–62. Root (Space to Speke) uses a Foucauldian model of analysis in his study of confession as language of self-construction; but cf. Karma Lochrie’s critique of Foucault’s treatment of confession and the medieval period in general in Covert Operations: The Medieval Uses of Secrecy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), pp. 14–24; see also Carolyn Dinshaw’s critique of Foucault’s “nostalgia” for the medieval in Getting Medieval: Sexualities and Communities Pre and Postmodern (Durham: Duke University Press, 1999), pp. 191–206.