1. Benjamin Disraeli, Sybil or The Two Nations, new ed. (New York: George Routledge & Sons, 1927), 76.
2. Nor am I the first historian to suggest that Disraeli’s conceptualization of class was still relevant in the 1880s and 1890s. See Rob Sindall, Street Violence in the Nineteenth Century: Media Panic or Real Danger? (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1990), 162.
3. Gareth Stedman Jones, Outcast London: A Study in the Relationship between Classes in Victorian Society (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971), 11
4. Jerry White, London in the Nineteenth Century: A Human Awful Wonder of God (London: Vintage Books, 2007), 374.
5. Frank Mort and Miles Ogborn, “Transforming Metropolitan London, 1750–1960,” Journal of British Studies 43 (2004): 5.