1. Michel Foucault, “The Subject and Power,” The Essential Foucault: Selections from Essential Works of Foucault, 1954–1984, eds. Paul Rabinow and Nikolas Rose (NewYork: New Press, 2003), p. 131 [126–44].
2. John F. Benton, “Consciousness of Self and Perceptions of Individuality,” in Renaissance and Renewal in the Twelfth Century, eds. Robert L. Benson and Giles Constable (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1982), pp. 271–74
3. Georges Duby, “Solitude: Eleventh to Thirteenth Century,” in A History of Private Life: Revelations of the Medieval World, ed. Georges Duby, trans. Arthur Goldhammer (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988), pp. 531–32
4. Aaron Gurevich, The Origins of European Individualism, trans. Katherine Judelson (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995), pp. 110–55
5. Colin Morris, The Discovery of the Individual, 1050–1200, 4th ed. (1972; repr. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1995), pp. 70–75.