1. Carl E. Schorske, “Politics and Patricide in Freud’s Interpretation of Dreams,” American Historical Review 78.2 (1973), 328–347, cited here from his Fin-de-Siecle Vienna: Politics and Culture (1979; New York: Vintage Books, 1981), 180–207.
2. Subsequent scholarship has modified Schorske’s overall depiction of a crisis of Austrian liberalism, narrowing its scope to refer specifically to a cultural elite—but one that was, in practice, predominantly Jewish; this reframing nevertheless leaves his argument still applicable to Freud. John W. Boyer, Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna: Origins of the Christian Social Movement, 1848–1897 (1981; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995).
3. Steven Beller, Vienna and the Jews, 1867–1938: A Cultural History, new edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991).
4. And for a summary, his “Class, Culture and the Jews of Vienna,” in Ivar Oxaal, Michael Pollak, and Gerhard Botz, eds., Jews, Antisemitism and Culture in Vienna (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987), 39–58. For reviews of more recent interpretations of Vienna 1900, see Steven Beller, “Introduction” and Allan Janik, “Vienna 1900 Revisited: Paradigms and Problems,” in Steven Beller, ed., Rethinking Vienna 1900 (New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2001), 1–25 and 26–56, respectively.
5. William J. McGrath, Freud’s Discovery of Psychoanalysis: The Politics of Hysteria (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1986).