1. Reinhold Niebuhr, to John Coleman Bennett, 1950, in RNP, B42; George Kennan, “Review of Current Trends in U.S. Foreign Policy,” in Foreign Relations of the United States 1948, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1948), 509–29. On World War II and the Cold War as a struggle between “open” and “closed” societies,
2. see Ian Clark, Globalization and Fragmentation: International Relations in the Twentieth Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), 122–47.
3. See Takemae Eiji, Inside GHQ: The Allied Occupation of Japan and Its Legacy, trans. Robert Ricketts and Sebastian Swann (New York: Continuum, 2002), on “reverse course” in the context of Japanese reconstruction.
4. Horton, “What is Protestantism?” 1,550; H. Richard Niebuhr, “The Gift of the Catholic Vision,” Theology Today 4 (1948): 517.
5. See Dianne Kirby, “The Cold War, the Hegemony of the United States and the Golden Age of Christian Democracy,” in The Cambridge History of Christianity: Vol. 9, World Christianities, c. 1914–2000, ed. Hugh McLeod (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 290.