1. Bruce Mansfield, Erasmus in the Twentieth Century (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003), p. 24;
2. C. R. Thompson, “Erasmus as Internationalist and Cosmopolitan,” Archiv für Reformationsgeschichte 46 (1955): 167–95;
3. Leon Botstein, “Stefan Zweig and the Illusion of the Jewish European,” Jewish Social Studies 44.1 (Winter 1982): 63–84, especially 66;
4. Stefan Zweig, Erasmus of Rotterdam, trans. Eden and Cedar Paul (New York, 1934), pp. 3–22, 121–23, 240–47.
5. On Erasmus as an “individualistic cosmopolitan,” see also Fritz Caspari, “Erasmus on the Social Functions of Christian Humanism,” Journal of the History of Ideas 8.1 (1947): 78–106, especially 78 and 102. As Henry M. Pachter has pointed out, the tradition of identifying Erasmus as cosmopolitan grows largely out of the 1930s scholarship of Johan Huizinga, the “Dutch patriot” and “cosmopolitan humanist” who regarded Erasmus as a symbol of “everything Hitler was out to destroy” (Pachter, “Masters of Cultural History III: Johan Huizinga—The Historian as Magister Ludi,” Salmagundi 46 (1979): 103–19, especially 110).