1. Ai Yuese 艾約瑟 (Joseph Edkins), Gezhi zhixue qimeng 格致質學啟蒙 (the 1898 edition kept in the Kyo Ting-yi Library, Academia Sinica).
2. Amelung, Iwo, “Naming Physics: The Strife to Delineate a Field of Modern Science in Late Imperial China,” in Michael Lackner and Natascha Vittinghoff (eds.), Mapping Meanings: Translating Western Knowledge into Late Imperial China (Leiden: Brill, 2004a), pp. 381-422.
3. Amelung, Iwo, “Some Notes on Translations of Physics Primer and Physical Terminology in Later Imperial China,” Wakumon 或問 11:8 (2004b), pp. 11–34.
4. Bennet, Adrian A., John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and Technology into Nineteenth-Century China (Cambridge, Mass: East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, Distributed by Harvard University Press, 1967).
5. Bennet, Adrian A., Missionary Journalist in China: Young J. Allen and His Magazines, 1860–1883 (Atlanta: University of Georgia Press, 1983).