1. Adams, Bluford. 1997. E Pluribus Barnum: The Great Showman and the Making of U.S. Popular Culture. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
2. Agassiz, Louis. 1850. “The Diversity of Origin of the Human Races.” The Christian Examiner and Religious Miscellany 59 (July): 110-145.
3. Agassiz, Louis. “Correspondence and Other Papers” (MS Am 1419). Houghton Library, Harvard University.
4. Axelsen, Diana E. 1985. “Women as Victims of Medical Experimentation: J. Marion Sims’ Surgery on Slave Women, 1845–50,” SAGE: A Scholarly Journal on Black Women 2 (2):10–14.
5. Barnum, P. T. 1855. The Life of P. T. Barnum. London: Sampson Low, Son, and Co.