1. Charlotte Bronte, “Editor’s Preface to the New Edition of Wuthering Heights”(1850) in Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1990), p. 321.
2. James Hafley, “The Villain in Wuthering Heights,” Nineteenth-Century Fiction, XIII (December 1958) 199.
3. See, for example, Dorothy Van Ghent, The English Novel: Form and Function (New York: 1967), pp. 187–208.
4. Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar, The Madwoman in the Attic (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976), p. 291.
5. Peter Miles, Wuthering Heights (London: Macmillan Education Ltd., 1990), pp. 32–3 (emphasis added).