1. Geoff Gilbert, Before Modernism Was: Modern History and the Constituency of Writing (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004), pp. xii, xvi.
2. Marjorie Perloff, 21st-Century Modernism: The New Poetics (Oxford: Blackwell, 2002), p. 3.
3. See Madelyn Detloff, The Persistence of Modernism: Loss and Mourning in the Twentieth Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009), p. 9. Another challenge to World War II as the end of modernism can be found in Marina MacKay, Modernism and WWII (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007). For more general discussion of the ends of modernism see Anthony Mellor, Late Modernist Aesthetics: From Pound to Prynne (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2005); and Tyrus Miller, Late Modernism: Politics, Fiction and the Arts Between the World Wars (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999).
4. Wyndham Lewis, Blasting and Bombardiering (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967), pp. 192, 256.
5. Wallace Stevens, ‘The Noble Rider and the Sound of Words’, in The Necessary Angel: Essays on Reality and the Imagination (London: Faber and Faber, 1960), pp. 1–36 (p. 17).