1. Raymond Williams, Culture and Society, 1780–1951 (London: Chatto and Windus, 1958), p. 337. I paraphrase Williams’ contrast between romanticism and authoritarianism.
2. See Jacques Maritain, ‘The Human Person and Society’, in Joseph W. Evans and Leo R. Ward (eds), Challenges and Renewals (New York: Meridian Books, 1968), p. 293.
3. See Edward Schillebeeckx, Jesus. An Experiment in Christology, trans. Hubert Hoskins (London: Collins, 1979), pp. 20, 621 and passim; Christ. The Experience of Jesus as Lord, trans. John Bowden (New York: Crossroad, 1983), p. 35 and passim.
4. See especially Louis Althusser, ‘Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses’, trans. Ben Brewster, Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays (London: New Left Books, 1971), pp. 121–73. See also, For Marx, trans. Ben Brewster (London: Allen Lane, 1969), pp. 221 ff.
5. For a concise account of Gramsci’s thought, and his distinctive interpretation of Marx, see James Joll, Gramsci (Glasgow: Collins, 1977).