1. R. Hofstadter, Anti–Intellectualism in American Life, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1963, p. 23.
2. Hofstadter, above, cited and discussed in S. Huntington, ‘The Erosion of American National Interests,’ Foreign Affairs, 1997, vol. 76, no. 5, p. 29;
3. and H. Kohn, American Nationalism: An Interpretative Essay, New York: Macmillan, 1957, p. 13.
4. A. de Tocqueville, as cited by S. M. Lipset, American Exceptionalism: A Double–Edged Sword; New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1997, p. 18;
5. G. Myrdal, An American Dilemma: The Negro Problem and Modern Democracy, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1944;