1. Robert M. Young, Mind, Brain and Adaptation in the Nineteenth Century: Cerebral Localization and Its Biological Context from Gall to Ferrier (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), 239.
2. Dominick LaCapra, Madame Bovary on Trial (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982), 15–6.
3. All information on Flourens’s experiments in this paragraph is from David Ferrier, The Functions of the Brain (1876; London: Dawson’s, 1966), 125
4. Edwin Clarke and L.S. Jacyna, Nineteenth-Century Origins of Neuroscientific Concepts (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), 244–66.
5. G. Fritsch and E. Hitzig, “Über die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns”, Archiv fÜr Anatomie, Physiologie und wissenschaftliche Median 37 (1870), 300–32