1. For example, L. Mirrer (1996), Women, Jews, and Muslims in the Texts of Reconquest Castile (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press);
2. more complexly in J. de Weever (1998), Sheba’s Daughters: Whitening and Demonizing the Saracen Woman in Medieval French Epic (New York: Garland).
3. M. McLauglin (1990) ‘The Woman Warrior: Gender, Warfare and Society in Medieval Europe’, Women’s Studies, 17, pp. 193–209, quotes at p. 195. It is not my intention to comment on the accuracy or otherwise of McLaughlin’s characterisation of late medieval transformations in military organisation.
4. On Qaidu (‘Caidu’) see P. Pelliot (1959–73) Notes on Marco Polo, 3 vols (Paris: Imprimerie nationale), vol. I, no. 95, pp. 124–9.
5. J. Davis-Kimball and M. Behan (2002) Warrior Women: An Archaeologist’s Search for History’s Hidden Heroines (London: Warner Books).