1. David Lloyd, ‘“Pap for the Dispossessed”: Seamus Heaney and the Poetics of Identity’, in Anomalous States: Irish Writing and the Postcolonial Moment (Dublin: Lilliput Press, 1993), pp. 13–40; Elizabeth Butler Cullingford, “Thinking of Her … as … Ireland”: Yeats, Pearse, and Heaney’, Textual Practice 4 (Spring 1990), pp. 1–21 (pp. 1–3); Clair Wills, Improprieties: Politics and Sexuality in Northern Irish Poetry (Oxford: Clarendon, 1993), pp. 98–101; and Patricia Coughlan, ‘“Bog Queens”: The Representation of Women in the Poetry of John Montague and Seamus Heaney’, in Gender in Irish Writing ed. Toni O’Brien Johnson and David Cairns (Milton Keynes: Open University Press, 1991), pp. 89–111.
2. David Kennedy, ‘Mound-dwellers and Mummers: Language and Community in Seamus Heaney’s Wintering Out’, Irish Studies Review 10 (2002), pp. 303–13 (p. 305).
3. Seamus Heaney, ‘The Drag of the Golden Chain’, TLS 12 November 1999, pp. 14–16 (p. 14).
4. Helen Vendler, Seamus Heaney (London: HarperCollins, 1998), p. 29.
5. Seamus Heaney, ‘Correspondences: Emigrants and Inner Exiles’, in Migrations: The Irish At Home and Abroad ed. Richard Kearney (Dublin: Wolfhound Press, 1990), pp. 21–31 (p. 29).