1. See for instance, F. A. Allen (1981), The Decline of the Rehabilitative Ideal (London: Yale University Press).
2. G. Robinson (2008), ‘Late Modern Rehabilitation: The Evolution of a Penal Strategy’, Punishment and Society 10, 429–45;
3. P. Priestley and M. Vanstone (eds) (2010), Offenders or Citizens? Readings in Rehabilitation (Cullompton: Willan).
4. For the philosophical case for abolitionism, see, for example, D. Boonin (2008), The Problem of Punishment (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press);
5. and D. Golash (2005), The Case Against Punishment: Retribution, Prevention and the Law (New York: New York University Press). For a strongly rehabilitative alternative to punishment,