1. Ibid., 86–109; Roger Geiger and Julie Ann Bobulz, “College as It Was in the Mid-Nineteenth Century,” in Geiger, ed. The American College in the Nineteenth Century (Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2000), 80–90.
2. See especially David Allmendinger, Paupers and Scholars: The Transformation of Student Life in Nineteenth Century New England (New York: St. Mortin’s Press, 1975), 8–19; 91–94;
3. Allmendinger, “The Dangers of Ante-Bellum Student Life,” Journal of Social History 7 (Fall 1973): 75–83.
4. Horowitz, Campus Life, 27. See also Phillip Greven, The Protestant Temperament: Patterns of Childrearing, Religious Experience, and the Self in Early America (New York: Knopf, 1977).
5. Donald G. Tewksbury, The Founding of American Colleges and Universities Before the Civil War: With Particular Reference to the Religious Influences Bearing upon the College Movement (New York: Arno Press, 1932), 16–28;