1. Ambachtsheer, K. (2005) ‘Beyond portfolio theory: The next frontier’, Financial Analysts Journal, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 29.
2. Sass, S. (2006) ‘The development of employer retirement income plans’, in Clark, G. L., Munnell, A., Orszag, M. (eds.)‘Oxford Handbook of Pensions and Retirement Income’, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
3. ‘One option for DB plan sponsors with high levels of unionisation is to offer employees cash buy-outs wherein the management attempts to seduce the employees into giving up their pension claims via generous lump sum settlements, as GM recently attempted. This, however, has yet to be proven effective and is also fraught with money management dangers for those blue-collar employees who accept the windfall.
4. ‘Data according to US Bureau of Labor Statistics: see www.bls.gov for details.
5. McDonald, I. and Solow, R. (1981) ‘Wage bargaining and employment’, American Economic Review, Vol. 75, No. 5, pp. 896–908.