1. Sophocles, Philoctetes, in Four Plays, ed. T.H. Banks (Oxford, 1966), 140 and idem. See also Oscar Mandel, Philoctetes and the Fall of Troy: Documents, Iconography, Interpretations (Lincoln: NE, 1981).
2. Drew Leder, “Illness and Exile: Sophocles’ Philoctetes,,” Literature and Medicine 9 (1990), 1–11.
3. See also Roselyne Rey, who writes, “When pain is at its worse, Philoctetes is in a sort of delirious state where he can neither recognize nor communicate with those closest to him.” Roselyn Rey, The History of Pain, trans. Louise Elliott Wallace (Cambridge: MA, 1995).
4. See, for example, the classic accounts: A. O. Lovejoy, The Great Chain of Being (Cambridge: MA, 1936)
5. Kevin Sharpe, 40. See also Quentin Skinner, “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas,, History and Theory 8 (1969), 3–53