1. For discussion, see these essay collections by prominent feminist and gender-study scholars: Linda Gordon, ed., Women, the State, and Welfare (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1990);
2. Ava Baron, Work Engendered: Toward a New History of American Labor (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1991) and
3. Ulla Wikander et al., Protecting Women: Labor Legislation in Europe, the United States and Australia, 1800–1920 (Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1995).
4. See, e.g., Linda Gordon, “Black and White Visions of Welfare: Women’s Welfare Activism, 1890–1945,” Journal of American History 78 (September 1991): 559–590.
5. For examples of imperial scholarship, see E.N. Andreev, Rabota maloletnikh v Rossii i v Zapadnoi Evrope (St. Petersburg, 1884);