1. H. Broadhead, State Regulation of Labour and Labour Disputes in New Zealand. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs, 1908: 1. Also see W. P. Reeves, State Experiments in Australia & New Zealand. London: Grant Richards, 1902. According to J. E. Le Rossignol and W. D. Stewart, State Socialism in New Zealand. New York: Thomas Y. Cromwell and Co., 1910: 217, “It is impossible to say who first suggested compulsory arbitration as a remedy for strikes. The thought must have occurred to many minds during the trying times of 1890.”
2. On the politics and policies of the Liberal government see D. Hamer, The New Zealand Liberals: The Years of Power, 1981–1912. Auckland: Auckland University Press, 1988.
3. See E. Olssen, “Some Reflections about the Origins of the “Red” Federation of Labour, 1909–13”, in E. Fry, Common Cause: Essays in Australian and New Zealand Labour History. Wellington and Sydney: Allen and Unwin/Port Nicholson Press, 1986: 27–41.
4. Even though both labour-based parties were grounded in regional rather than national organisations. On the formation of the NZLP see B. Brown, The Rise of New Zealand Labour: A History of the New Zealand Labour Party. Wellington: Price Milbum, 1962; and B. Gustafson, Labour’s Path to Political Independence: The Origins and Establishment of the New Zealand Labour Party 1900–19. Auckland: Auckland University Press/Oxford University Press, 1980.
5. Conventional accounts of early New Zealand political history tend to claim that the development of New Zealand’s welfare state was ‘put on ice’ during the Reform period. However, recent histories dispute this. See D. Thompson, A World Without Welfare: New Zealand’s Colonial Experiment. Auckland: Auckland University Press/Bridget Williams Books, 1998.