1. Ray Stannard Baker and William E. Dodd, eds., The Public Papers of Woodrow Wilson (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1925–7), 5: 257.
2. David Hunter Miller, The Drafting of the Covenant, 2 vols. (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1928), 2: 727, 735.
3. Most historians have emphasized Article 10; see, for example, John Chalmers Vinson, Referendum for Isolation: Defeat of Article Ten of the League of Nations Covenant (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1961).
4. Some also have noted Article 19; see especially Edward H. Buehrig, “Woodrow Wilson and Collective Security,” in Edward H. Buehrig, ed., Wilsons Foreign Policy in Perspective (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1957), 34–60.
5. Paul Mantoux, Paris Peace Conference 1919: Proceedings of the Council of Four, March 24–April 18 (Genève: Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales, 1964), 45.