1. Martin Jay, Marxism and Totality: Adventures of a Concept from Lukács to Habermas (Los Angeles and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), 2.
2. Antonio Gramsci, ‘The Revolution against Capital’, in History, Philosophy and Culture in the Young Gramsci, ed. Pedro Cavalcanti and Paul Piccone (St Louis, MO: Telos, 1975);
3. Herbert Marcuse, ‘The Foundation of Historical Materialism’, in Studies in Critical Philosophy, trans. by Joris des Bres (London: New Left Books, 1972), 3.
4. Max Horkheimer, ‘The Jews and Europe’, in Critical Theory and Society: A Readerk, ed. Stephen Eric Bronner and Douglas Kellner (New York: Routledge, 1989), 78.
5. Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer, Dialectic of Enlightenment, trans. by John Cumming (London: Verso, 1997), xi.