1. Valerie Kivelson, Autocracy in the Provinces: the Muscovite Gentry and Political Culture in the Seventeenth Century (Palo Alto, 1996), 3;
2. see also John Armstrong, “Old-Regime Governors,” Comparative Studies in Society and History 14 (1972), 2–29.
3. Lindsey Hughes, “From Caftans into Corsets,” in: Peter Barta, ed., Gender and Sexuality in Russian Civilization (London, 2001), 17–32.
4. Evgenii Anisimov, The Reforms of Peter the Great (Armonk, 1993), 34.
5. Isabel de Madariaga, Russia in the Age of Catherine the Great (New Haven, 1981), 254.