1. W.S. Thompson, Ghana’s Foreign Policy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969), p 28; D.Z. Poe, Kwame Nkrumah’s Contribution to Pan-Africanism (London: Routledge, 2003), p 108.
2. J. Hooker, Black Revolutionary (London: Pall Mall Press, 1967), p 109.
3. D. Austin, Ghana Observed (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1976), p 49.
4. D. Austin, Politics in Ghana (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964), pp. 364–369.
5. R. Rathbone, Nkrumah and the Chiefs (Oxford: James Currey, 2000), pp. 151–155. See also B. Amonoo, Ghana, 1957–1966 (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1981), pp. 1–2. For disagreement that Ghana was a dictatorship after 1960, see D. Apter, Ghana in Transition (New York: Atheneum, 1963), p xvi.