1. Today there is a tendency to read any and all reflections on Black women as being unified with the Black feminist thesis. This is not only a historical revisionism, but also overlooks the concrete refutations and motivations by Black women authors to not be associated with the Black feminist movement and its emergent analysis. Paula Giddings (1979) “The Lessons of History will Shape the 1980’s—Black Macho and the Myth of the Superwoman Won’t” is an excellent example of the now largely ignored academic contingent seeking to refute the account of Wallace’s story. Ultimately, Giddings concludes that Wallace’s work bastardizes history, and repeats the error of Sojourner Truth, overlooking the manipulation of Black women by white feminists as a means to de-radicalize and destroy the political progress of Black people, which has recently been reflected on in Ronald E. Hall’s “Woman: Better [w]hite than Male,” in An Historical Analysis of Skin Color Discrimination in America (2010).
2. For a history of white women’s Klu Klux Klan organizations, see Kathleen Blee (1991), Women of the Klan: Racism and Gender in the 1920’s,
3. and Nancy Maclean (1994), Behind the Mask of Chivalry: The Making of the Second Ku Klux Klan.