1. Joyner, J. Y., Whitfield, H. L., & Mynders, S. A. (1904). Address to the people of the south. Thirty-sixth annual report of the South Carolina state superintendent of education. Columbia, SC: State Printing Company, 35–42.
2. Beneke, T. (1997). Proving manhood: Reflections on men and sexism. Berkeley: University of California Press, 40.
3. Swearingen, M. H. (1950). A gallant journey: Mr. Swearingen and his family. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 116–117
4. Ibid., 90. For further details on funding inequities along color lines, see Anderson, J. D. (1988). Chapter 6: The Black public high school and the reproduction of caste in the urban South 1880–1935. The education of Blacks in the South 1860–1935. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
5. Edgar, W. B. (1992). South Carolina in the modern age. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 40.