1. For early cinematic portrayals of disorderly students, see Heather A. Weaver, “‘The Teacher’s Unexpected Bath’: Plumbing the Meaning of Mayhem in the Celluloid Schoolroom, 1871–1939,” History of Education Quarterly 54 (2) (May 2014): 145–171.
2. For other studies of media representations of the gendered dimension of education, see Daniel A. Clark, Creating the College Man: American Mass Magazines and Middle-Class Manhood, 1890–1915 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2010);
3. Gary N. McCloskey, “Conformity, Conflict, and Curriculum: Film Images of Boys’ Preparatory Schools,” in Schooling in the Light of Popular Culture, eds. Paul Farber, Eugene F. Provenzo Jr., and Gunilla Holm (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1994), 173–189;
4. Jo Keroes, Tales Out of School: Gender, Longing, and the Teacher in Fiction and Film (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1999);
5. Josephine May, Reel Schools: Schooling and the Nation in Australian Cinema (Bern: Peter Lang, 2013), chapters 4 and 5.