1. A.H. Birch, Representation, London and Basingstoke: Macmillan Press, 1972, p. 29.
2. J.S. Mill, Considerations on Representative Government (1861), New York: The Liberal Arts Press, 1958, p. 174.
3. George Sanford, Democratic Government in Poland. Constitutional Politics since 1989, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002, pp. 8–9.
4. Alistair Cole and Peter Campbell, French Electoral Systems and Elections since 1789, Aldershot: Gower, 1989.
5. Hanna Pitkin, The Concept of Representation, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967, p. 186.