Affiliation:
1. Livestock farming institute of NAAS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Abstract
The article summarizes the main principles, regulatory requirements, as well as innovative changes and international experience of agricultural construction for industrial animal husbandry. The author presents new technologies for the construction of facilities for industrial animal husbandry, the specifics of the construction of industrial robotic complexes and farms. The use of a rapidly erected Ruukki building based on light metal structures and a frame made of light steel thin-walled structures and the specifics of creating a microclimate in premises for industrial maintenance are represented, which makes it possible to reduce the level of capital investments in production, increase labor productivity and the profitability of animal husbandry. It has been proven that the industrialization of animal husbandry is mainly related to the volumetric planning solutions of agricultural enterprises, and the use of new volumetric planning solutions in the construction of farms and complexes, monoblock and multi-story buildings is more effective in comparison with the pavilion construction of the farm, which is characterized by: a relatively small, separate room for keeping livestock and accommodating other services; a significant building area, extensive engineering communications, a low level of mechanization, high specific labor costs and operating costs. The role of perfect sewage networks and treatment facilities in the functioning of buildings for industrial animal husbandry is presented. Special emphasis is placed on the fact that in order to introduce a more effective technology of keeping animals without tethers, standard reinforced concrete premises are often reconstructed or new easily assembled structures are built. Certain problematic aspects of the functioning of livestock complexes for the environment, in particular for water resources and the atmosphere, are also outlined. The author proposed the production of biogas from them as a promising way to solve the problems of environmental protection, obtaining alternative energy resources and integrated use of industrial animal husbandry waste. In order to simplify the operation of the farm, to comply with zoohygienic, physiological and technological standards and the requirements of industrial animal husbandry, it is recommended to introduce a round farm.
Publisher
Institute of Animal Science of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine