Abstract
AbstractA recent observation showed a square root time dependency of the ingress depth of a fixed (reference) chloride concentration of 0.05% chloride by mass of concrete for submerged exposure in Kattegat and the Baltic Sea. The purpose of this paper is to assess the applicability and limitations of the observation, widen the scope of validity and propose it as a method. Field data from submerged, tidal, splash, atmospheric and inland deicing salt exposure at various geographical locations was analyzed at a range of reference concentrations. In total 237 combinations of concrete, exposure, and reference concentration were analyzed. Our results showed that chloride ingress of a reference concentration followed a linear relationship with an average R2 of 0.96, when the penetration depth of the reference concentration was plotted against the square root of the exposure time. The square root observation appeared valid for the studied Portland cement based concretes with fly ash, silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag exposed in submerged and tidal exposure zones, when applying reference concentrations of 0.1–1.8% chloride by mass of binder, and reference concentrations of 0.1–0.5% chloride by mass of binder in atmospheric exposure zone. It was found that the parameters describing the straight line depended on the chosen reference concentration and concrete composition, and that the slope of the straight line (ingress parameter) in addition depended on the exposure. It was concluded that the square root method appears to be a promising method for predicting further chloride ingress into concrete.
Funder
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Mechanics of Materials,General Materials Science,Building and Construction,Civil and Structural Engineering
Reference43 articles.
1. Tang L (2008) Engineering expression of the ClinConc model for prediction of free and total chloride ingress in submerged marine concrete. Cem Concr Res 38(8–9):1092–1097
2. Marchand J (2001) Modeling the behavior of unsaturated cement systems exposed to aggressive chemical environments. Mater Struct 34(4):195–200
3. Marchand J, Samson E, Maltais Y, Lee R, Sahu S (2002) Predicting the performance of concrete structures exposed to chemically aggressive environment—field validation. Mater Struct 35(10):623–631
4. fib (2006) Model code for service life design, vol fib bulletin 34. CEB-FIB
5. Collepardi M, Marcialis A, Turriziani R (1970) The kinetics of chloride ions penetration in concrete. Il Cemento 67:157–164
Cited by
11 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献