1. School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109 USA
2. Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California‐Irvine, 321 Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, California, 92697 USA
3. Western Washington University, Department of Biology, Bellingham, Washington, 98225 USA
4. National Center for Ecological Analyses and Synthesis, 735 State Street, Suite 300, Santa Barbara, California, 93101 USA
5. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, Virginia, 23062 USA
6. Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
7. Department of Marine Ecology, University of G(ö)othenburg, Box 461, SE‐405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
8. Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, C.P. 58190, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Mexico, D.F., Mexico
9. Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, #2370‐6270 University Blvd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
10. McGill University, Department of Biology, 1205 Docteur Penfield, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1