Organizational culture and competitiveness in the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the UNMSM, Peru, 2020 [Cultura organizacional y competitividad en la Facultad de Química e Ingeniería Química de la UNMSM, Perú, 2020]

Abstract

This research was mixed with a qualitative approach. The purpose is to understand the degree of understanding of the underlying beliefs of the administrative workers in their perception of the Institutional Image of the organizational culture (OC), and from the quantitative perspective to evaluate the degree of relationship between the OC constructs and competitiveness. To conceptualize OC, the theory of organizational behavior was considered, and regarding competitiveness, the approach of the World Economic Forum (WEF). In the methodological framework, a Faculty of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru was taken as the unit of analysis. In the quantitative analysis, a randomly selected sample of 294 people was considered, the study being correlational, cross-sectional, applicative and with a non-experimental design; a questionnaire with 21 items was applied, whose data were processed in the statistical program SPSS version 25, validating its internal reliability for both variables (Cronbach's alpha: 0.932), content validity via expert judgment and construct validity via the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The qualitative study was exploratory and with a phenomenological design with a sample of 9 people, using the semi-structured interview. The results for the descriptive analysis revealed that 93% of the sample considered OC important in understanding competitiveness. Contrasting the general hypothesis, a high statistical significance was found between both constructs (p-value =0.000), and a positive correlation (Spearman 0.718). The tests of the specific hypotheses showed the same pattern of results. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) reaffirmed that the OC is capable of interpreting about 52.2% of the competitiveness construct.