Pregnant women behaviours in early detection of preeclampsia warning signs based on health belief model: A structural equal modelling analysis

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication that frequently arises during the second trimester, typically after 20 weeks of pregnancy, requiring increased awareness and vigilance. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse factors affecting pregnant women’s behaviours in early detection of warning signs of preeclampsia (PE) based on the health belief model. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, with 225 respondents as research subjects in Tuban Regency.  The sampling technique used was stratified random sampling. Data analysis employed structural equal modelling. Results: The results demonstrated that sociodemographic factors had an indirect pathway toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs through perceived susceptibility/severity and perceived barrier. Health belief factors, including perceived susceptibility/severity, perceived threat, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, and perceived self-efficacy, had direct pathways toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs.  Cues to action had both direct and indirect pathways toward detection behaviours of the PE warning signs. Conclusion: Improvement of promotion efforts and comprehensive health education by incorporating cognitive, physiological, and psychosocial beliefs were immensely required to enhance better detection behaviours.