IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN THE CALLUS OF THE CHIA PLANT (SALVIA HISPANICA)

Abstract

The latest research aimed to study the effects of plant growth regulators on inducing callus from the chia plant (Salvia hispanica) and stimulating it to produce some medicinal compounds in vitro. The study transpired at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Iraq. The use of Murashige and Skoog (MS) nutrient medium containing 2,4-D Auxin (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) had concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1 and cytokinin benzyl adenine (BA) with concentrations of 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L-1. The use of their interactions continued to induce a perpetuation of callus. In another experiment, the salicylic acid at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1 stimulated the callus to produce medicinal compounds. The results showed that for induction of callus and its sustainability in the leaves of the chia plant, the best concentration revealed 2,4-D at a rate of 3 mg L-1, which achieved the highest fresh and dry weight and dry matter percentage with values of 0.5151 g, 0.0723 g, and 13.531%, respectively. The results also showed that the addition of salicylic acid at the concentration of 10 mg L-1 to the nutrient media stimulated the formation of the active compounds.