Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Bone Disease

Abstract

Background/Objective The hip is a common location for metastatic bone disease (MBD) and surgical intervention is often indicated to relieve pain and improve function. MBD of the hip is usually treated with hemiarthroplasty or with total hip arthroplasty if there are acetabular lesions. As treatment for metastatic disease evolves and patients may expect to live longer after diagnosis, further evaluation of the complications and functional outcomes associated with hip arthroplasty for MBD are necessary. Methods This was a retrospective review of patients who underwent hip arthroplasty for MBD at a single institution between 2007 and 2021. Outcomes included rates of reoperation, complications, and overall survival. Results Ninety-three cases in 91 patients were included. Total hip arthroplasty (THA) was performed in 52 cases (55.9%), hemiarthroplasty in 15 (16.1%), and complex arthroplasty, including proximal femur replacement or THA with complex acetabular reconstruction, was performed in 26 (28%). There were 11 reoperations in five patients and six dislocations. Median survival was 10.4 months and one-year overall survival was 53.3%. There was a significant increase in the proportion of patients who were able to ambulate independently (35.2% vs 17.6%; p=0.02) and a significant decrease in patients confined to a wheelchair (18.7% vs 3.3%; p=0.045) after surgery. Conclusions Hip arthroplasty for MBD leads to relatively low rates of complications and reoperations in this population known to have high postoperative morbidity and mortality. Hip arthroplasty provides the majority of MBD patients with a durable reconstruction that exceeds their lifespan and enables them to return to an acceptable level of function.