Feature extraction and classification of different hand movements from the emg signal using linear discriminant analysis classifier

Abstract

In biomedical research, Electromyography (EMG) data play a crucial role as a bridge between human motions and machine interpretation, offering valuable insights into muscle activation. EMG signals give vital information on hand movements in the context of applications like gesture recognition, prosthetic control, and rehabilitation. This paper describes the classification of EMG signals based on muscle motions, which makes it simpler to identify distinct gestures or movements. A Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier is used to differentiate between various classes of muscle activity. In order to record EMG signals during hand motions, surface electrodes are carefully positioned on pertinent muscles. Muscle activity may be tracked in real time with these non-invasive electrodes. In order to extract meaningful information from these signals, which are complex and frequently contaminated by noise, strong feature extraction techniques are needed. When working with noisy signals, denoising is a commonly used approach to restoring the original quality of the source data. It attempts to maintain relevant information by reducing noise in the raw EMG signals. In order to retrieve only the pertinent information from the original EMG signal data, any unnecessary noise must first be removed. Through the identification of key characteristics in the time, frequency, and time-frequency domains, it transforms unstructured EMG data. This procedure improves the next step of classification, which is the identification and classification of patterns in the EMG signals. Ultimately, the obtained information is employed to classify signals by the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) classifier, demonstrating a distinction between various muscle motions with over 80% accuracy.